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Open cooling tower
Measurement standard: According to the national standard GB/T 7190.1-2018, the cooling capacity shall be ≥95%.
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Open cooling tower
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Open cooling tower Details
Basic Performance Parameters
Cooling capacity
Measurement standard: According to the national standard GB/T 7190.1-2018, the cooling capacity shall be ≥95%.
Calculation method: Cooling capacity = Cooling water flow rate × Specific heat capacity of water × Temperature difference (ΔT). The typical temperature difference ranges from 3 to 15°C (for example, when the flow rate is 100 t/h, the temperature drop is usually designed to be 5°C).
Water flow rate and temperature difference
Standard operating conditions: an influent temperature of 37°C and an effluent temperature of 32°C are common engineering design benchmarks.
Flow range: Small and medium-sized open-circuit cooling towers, 10–1,000 m³/h; large open-circuit cooling towers, >1,000 m³/h.
Structural parameters
Parameter Category |
Technical indicators |
Filler Type |
PVC film packing (increases the water–air contact area, enhancing heat dissipation efficiency by 20–35%) |
Fan configuration |
Axial flow fan (power and airflow are matched; energy consumption accounts for approximately 60–70%) |
Sprinkler system |
Multi-stage spray pipes + wide-angle nozzles (coverage rate exceeding 95%) |
Tower material |
Galvanized steel (standard) or stainless steel (for corrosion‑resistant applications) |
Environmental Adaptability Parameters
Effect of wet-bulb temperature
Cooling range index: The smaller the difference between the outlet water temperature and the wet-bulb temperature, the higher the cooling efficiency; a typical cooling range is ≤5°C.
Extreme operating conditions: When the wet-bulb temperature is ≥28°C, it is necessary to increase fan power or employ auxiliary cooling devices.
Noise Control
Standard requirements: Noise at 1 m from the tower shall be ≤75 dB(A); for low-noise models, this can be optimized to ≤65 dB(A).
Energy-Saving and Loss Metrics
Parameter |
Water- and energy-saving cooling tower |
Comparison and Explanation |
Drift rate |
≤0.5% (open type) |
|
Drift rate of closed-circuit cooling towers |
0.05% |
|
Replenish water |
1.24–2% of the circulating water |
Closed-circuit cooling towers require as little as 0.1–0.2% makeup water. |
Comprehensive energy consumption ratio |
0.12–0.18 kW/(m³/h) |
Total energy consumption including fans, pumps, and auxiliary equipment |
Operation and Maintenance Parameters
Water Quality Requirements
Regular maintenance is required: Since water is in direct contact with air, it is prone to algae growth and scale formation. It is recommended to check the pH (6.5–8.5) and turbidity (≤20 NTU) monthly.
Drainage System: An automatic drain valve is installed at the base of the tower, with a contaminant removal rate of ≥90%.
Antifreeze Design
Optional configurations: heating coil (to maintain water temperature ≥ 5°C) or drain valve (for winter shutdown protection).
Equipment Diagram
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